The French Protectorate of Morocco: A Colonial Era Shaped by Dual Rule

The French Protectorate of Morocco, established in 1912 and lasting until 1956, marked a pivotal period in the North African nation's history. Following years of instability and foreign interference, France formalized its control over Morocco through the Treaty of Fes, creating a hybrid system of indirect rule that intertwined Moroccan traditions with colonial administration. This era profoundly influenced Morocco's political, economic, and social